https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2023-10/Wire _ Cable Tri-fold Selection Guide_0.pdf
PRODUCT SELECTION GUIDE WIRE & CABLE SOLUTIONS Specialty Engineered Materials High performance insulation, jacketing, and cross-web formulations for the wire and cable industry Syncure™ XLPE Cross-linkable Polyethylene Formulations • Ambient curing • Flame performance • Resistant to heat, oil, creep, & abrasion • Low temperature properties • Low capital investment • High extrusion speeds • DBDPE-free grades available • UL/CSA bulletins Maxxam™ FR Flame Retardant Polyolefin Formulations • FEP alternative • Fire performance • UL 444 & plenum yellow card compliance • Low dielectric • High extrusion speeds • Thin wall extrudability Maxxam™ SY Foamable Flame Retardant Formulations • Low dielectric • Uniform cell structure • Crush & heat resistance • Ease of chemical foaming ECCOH™ Low Smoke and Fume Non-Halogen Formulations • Improved fire safety • Low smoke, fume, non-halogen (LSFOH) formulations • Chemical resistance ECCOH™ XL Cross-Linkable Solutions • Non-halogen, low smoke, toxicity, & corrosiveness • Excellent mechanical & electrical properties • Easily processed • Operating temperature of 90°C • Moisture cure technology Synprene™ Flame Retardant Thermoplastic Elastomers • Flexibility • Flame performance • Low temperature brittleness (LTB) resistance • Chemical resistance • Easily colored FireCon™ CPE Insulation Jacketing Formulations • Resistance to harsh environments • Low temperature performance • Flame performance • High extrusion speeds • Sunlight resistance FEATURES SPECIFICATION ECCOH™ XL 8148 Non-halogen, low smoke, toxicity, & corrosiveness EN50618 Syncure™ S100FH Horizontal flame UL 44 Syncure™ S100FH-XUV Horizontal flame, UV resistant UL 44 Syncure™ S100FH-UV Horizontal flame, FV-1 flame, UV resistant UL 44, UL 4703 Syncure™ S100FV VW-1 flame UL 44 Syncure™ S100FV-UV VW1, UV resistant UL 44 Syncure™ S112NA Non-flame retardant CSA 22.2 Syncure™ S120NA Non-flame retardant NSF 61 Syncure™ S200FH Horizontal flame, DBDPE-free UL 44 Syncure™ S200FV VW-1, DBDPE-free UL 44 INSULATION FOR POWER CABLE SYSTEMS Low Voltage Power Cables • Flame performance • Resistance to heat, oil, creep, & abrasion • Low temperature performance • Low capital investment • High extrusion speeds INSULATION & CROSS-WEBS FOR DATA CABLE SYSTEMS Category Cables • FEP alternative • Flame performance • Low dielectric constant • High extrusion speeds & thin wall capability • Chemical resistance • Low temperature performance • Flexibility FEATURES SPECIFICATION Maxxam™ FR 0521-48 R1 Low smoke & fume, non-halogen UL 444 Maxxam™ FR 0587-21 R3 Halogenated to plenum performance UL 444 Optical Fiber Cables • Resistance to harsh environments, chemicals, & sunlight • Low temperature brittleness (LTB) resistance • Low smoke & toxicity • Flexibility • High extrusion speeds FEATURES SPECIFICATION ECCOH™ 6649 UV Low DD Low smoke & fume, non-halogen Meets customer-specific flame requirements Coaxial Cables • Flexibility • High extrusion speeds • Low dielectric constant • Uniform cell structure • Crush & heat resistance FEATURES SPECIFICATION Maxxam™ SY 89-22-7 Foamable Meets customer-specific flame requirements JACKETING FOR POWER & DATA CABLE SYSTEMS Low & Medium Voltage Jacketing • Resistance to harsh environments, chemicals, & UV degradation • Low temperature brittleness (LTB) resistance • Low smoke & toxicity • Flexibility • High extrusion speeds • Easily colored FEATURES SUBMARKETS & USES FireCon™ CPE 30-33 RoHS Black Flame retardant, flexible Building & construction, industrial, nuclear FireCon™ CPE 37-36 RoHS Black Flame retardant, flexible Building & construction, industrial, nuclear FireCon™ CPE 30-20 RoHS Natural Flame retardant, flexible Building & construction, industrial, nuclear ECCOH™ 5549 UV Low smoke & fume, non-halogen, flame retardant Building & construction, industrial ECCOH™ 6649 UV Low DD Low smoke & fume, non-halogen, flame retardant Optical fiber, ducts ECCOH™ 5981 UV Low smoke & fume, non-halogen, flame retardant Industrial, Teck 90 wire Synprene™ RT5180 Flame retardant, LTB resistance Building & construction, industrial Synprene™ RT5180UV Flame retardant, LTB resistance Building & construction, industrial Synprene™ RT3870M Flame retardant, LTB resistance Building & construction, industrial 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2023, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2021-11/artisan-ar7300-pre-colored-formulation-processing-guide.pdf
BASE RESIN ABS Drying Temperature 80–90°C Drying Time 2–3 Hours Barrel Temperatures °C Rear Zone 180–210 Center Zone 190–220 Front Zone 200–230 Nozzle 210–240 Mold Temperature 50–80 Screw Speed Moderate Back Pressure 3–10 bar Cushion 5–15 mm Injection Speed Low to medium Injection Pressure Moderate to high Holding Pressure 10–30% of injection pressure Screw Type General purpose Screw L/D 20:1 Screw Compression Ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1 Non-return Check Valve Free flow check ring Nozzle Type Reverse taper Barrel Capacity 30–80% of barrel should be used STARTUP & SHUTDOWN RECOMMENDATIONS Purge Compound 2–3 melt flow PP or purging compound.
Fibers on Surface (Splay) Melt temperature too low • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed Wet material • Check moisture.
Sink Marks Melt too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Insufficient material volume • Adjust transfer position • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure Part geometry too thick • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Flash Injection pressure too high • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection rate • Increase transfer position Excess material volume • Adjust transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection rate Melt and/or mold temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Loose clamp • Reset mold height • Increase clamp tonnage Shrink Too much shrink • Increase cooling time • Decrease mold temperature Too little shrink • Decrease cooling time • Increase mold temperature Burning Process related • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection rate • Reduce decompression Mold design • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size to reduce shear Wet material • Verify material is dried at proper condition Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Incorrect nozzle • Use reverse taper tip Weld Lines Melt front temperatures are too low • Increase injection rate • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature Mold design • Increase gate size • Identify end of fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents or increase vent width • Move gate location TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Warp Process related • Increase melt temperature • Reduce injection speed • Increase pack pressure • Increase pack time • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cool time Mold design • Non-uniform mold cooling Part design • Non-uniform wall thickness Thermolator incorrect temperature • Check settings • Inspect thermocouple Sticking in Mold Overfilled cavity • Decrease injection rate and pressure • Decrease hold pressure • Adjust transfer position • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease cooling time Part too hot • Decrease barrel temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time Mold design • Increase draft angle • Polish cores in direction of ejection Black Specks Contamination • Purge machine Degradation • Reduce melt temperature • Reduce screw speed • Reduce back pressure Machine related • Check for wear on screw, barrel or check ring Delamination Process related • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection speed • Purge barrel to eliminate material contamination Mold design • Reduce sharp corners in material flow path • Increase venting TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Discoloration Oversheared material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease injection speed • Reduce residence time Mold design • Increase gate sizing Dry material • Check moisture of material to ensure it is within the recommended moisture percentage for molding TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2021, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-12/artisan-thermoplastics-nylon-processing-guide.pdf
Processing Guidelines Base Resin PA6 Barrel Temperatures °F °C Rear Zone 440–470 227–243 Center Zone 450–480 232–249 Front Zone 460–490 238–254 Nozzle 470–500 243–260 Melt Temperature 470–500 243–260 Mold Temperature 120–180 49–82 Pack and Hold Pressure 50–75% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity 0.5 in/s–3 in/s 13 mm/s–76 mm/s Back Pressure 50–100 psi 3.4–6.9 Bar Screw Speed 30–70 rpm Cushion 0.25 in 6.35 mm Drying Parameters 2–4 Hours @ 180°F 2–4 Hours @ 82°C Moisture % Allowable 0.08–0.18%* Screw Type General Purpose Screw Screw Compression Ratio 2.0:1– 2.5:1 Screw L/D 20:1 Non-return Check Valve Free Flow Check Ring Nozzle Type Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 2–3 Tons/in² Barrel Capacity 30-80% of barrel should be used * Avient suggests measuring moisture using a Karl Fischer method or Vapor Pro® moisture analyzer that titrates only for moisture.
Splay Melt temperature too low • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed Wet material • Check moisture.
Sink Marks Melt too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Insufficient material volume • Adjust transfer position • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure Part geometry too thick • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness Processing Guide 5 Troubleshooting Recommendations Problem Cause Solution Flash Injection pressure too high • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection rate • Increase transfer position Excess material volume • Adjust transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection rate Melt or mold too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Loose clamp • Reset mold height • Increase clamp tonnage Shrink Too much shrink • Increase cooling time • Decrease mold temperature Too little shrink • Decrease cooling time • Increase mold temperature Burning Process related • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection rate • Reduce decompression Mold design • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size to reduce shear Wet material • Verify material is dried at proper condition Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Incorrect nozzle • Use reverse taper tip Weld Lines Melt front temperatures are too low • Increase injection rate • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature Mold design • Increase gate size • Identify end of fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents or increase vent width • Move gate location 6 Artisan Pre-Colored Thermoplastics Problem Cause Solution Warp Process related • Increase melt temp • Reduce injection speed • Increase pack pressure • Increase pack time • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cool time Mold design • Non-uniform mold cooling Part design • Non-uniform wall thickness Thermolator incorrect temperature • Check settings • Inspect thermocouple Sticking in Mold Overfilled cavity • Decrease injection rate and pressure • Decrease hold pressure • Adjust transfer position • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease cooling time Part too hot • Decrease barrel temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time Mold design • Increase draft angle • Polish cores in direction of ejection Black Specks Contamination • Purge machine Degradation • Reduce melt temperature • Reduce screw speed • Reduce back pressure Machine related • Check for wear on screw, barrel or check ring Delamination Process related • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection speed • Purge barrel to eliminate material contamination Mold design • Reduce sharp corners in material flow path • Increase venting Troubleshooting Recommendations Processing Guide 7 Troubleshooting Recommendations Problem Cause Solution Discoloration Oversheared material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease injection speed • Reduce residence time Mold design • Increase gate sizing Dry material • Check moisture of material to ensure it is within the recommended moisture percentage for molding 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-09/stat-tech-tri-fold-processing-guide.pdf
Base Resin PC PC/PSU PES PEI PP ABS PEEK PA Barrel Temperatures* °F (°C) Rear Zone 530–560 (277–293) 550–575 (288–302) 660–700 (349–371) 675–725 (357–385) 390–420 (199–216) 425–460 (219–238) 680–730 (360–388) 430–500 (221–260) Center Zone 515–560 (269–288) 540–565 (282–296) 650–690 (343–366) 655–710 (352–377) 380–405 (193–207) 415–450 (213–232) 670–710 (354–377) 420–490 (216–254) Front Zone 510–525 (266–274) 530–555 (277–291) 640–680 (338–360) 655–700 (346–371) 370–395 (188–202) 405–440 (207–227) 650–690 (343–366) 410–480 (210–249) Nozzle 520–535 (271–280) 540–565 (282–296) 650–690 (343–366) 665–710 (352–377) 380–400 (193–204) 415–450 (213–232) 660–700 (349–371) 420–490 (216–254) Melt Temperature 525–560 (274–293) 530–580 (277–304) 650–700 (343–371) 660–730 (349–388) 375–395 (191–202) 410–460 (210–238) 650–730 (343–388) 420–500 (216–260) Mold Temperature 175–250 (80–121) 160–220 (71–104) 280–350 (138–177) 275–350 (135–177) 100–135 (38–57) 150–180 (66–82) 300–425 (149–219) 160–230 (71–110) Pack & Hold Pressure 50%–75% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity in/s 0.5–2.0 Back Pressure psi 50 Screw Speed rpm 40–70 40–70 40–70 40–70 40–70 40–70 40–70 40–70** Drying Parameters °F (°C) 6 hrs @ 250 (121) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 4 hrs @ 275 (135) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 3 hrs @ 300 (150) 2 hrs @ 200 (93) 3 hrs @ 275 (135) 4 hrs @ 180 (82) Cushion in 0.125–0.250 Screw Compression Ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1 2.0:1–2.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 Nozzle Type General Purpose General Purpose General Purpose General Purpose General Purpose General Purpose General Purpose Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 5–6 Tons/in2 * A reverse temperature profile is important to obtain optimum conductive properties.
Other key processing parameters are slow injection speeds and low back pressures. ** Avoid processing for a resin-rich surface.
PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold temperature too cold Mold design Shot Size • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase nozzle tip diameter • Check thermocouples and heater bands • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line • Increase shot size • Increase cushion Brittleness Melt temperature too low Degraded/Overheated material Gate location and/or size • Increase melt temperature • Increase injection speed • Measure melt temperature with pyrometer • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Use smaller barrel/excessive residence time • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow speed and lower molded-in stress Fibers on Surface (Splay) Melt temperature too low Insufficient packing • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure, and time • Increase shot size • Increase gate size Sink Marks Part geometry too thick Melt temperature too hot Insufficient material volume • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure • Increase gate size Flash Injection pressure too high Excess material volume Melt and/or mold temperature too hot • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection speed • Increase transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection speed • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease screw speed TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Excessive Shrink Too much orientation • Increase packing time and pressure • Increase hold pressure • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Decrease screw rpm • Increase venting • Increase cooling time Not Enough Shrink Too little orientation • Decrease packing pressure and time • Decrease hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase screw rpm • Decrease cooling time Burning Melt and/or mold temperature too hot Mold design Moisture • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size or number of gates • Verify material is dried at proper conditions Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Weld Lines Melt front temperatures too low Mold design • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase vent width and locations • Increase injection speed • Increase mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Increase gate size • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents and/or false ejector pin • Move gate location Warp Excessive orientation Mold design • Increase cooling time • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection pressure and injection speed • Increase number of gates Sticking in Mold Cavities are overpacked Mold design Part is too hot • Decrease injection speed and pressure • Decrease pack and hold pressure • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time • Increase draft angle • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.