https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2024-05/AVNT Q1 2024 Investor Presentation_website w Non-GAAP.pdf
For the same reasons, Avient is unable to address the probable significance of the unavailable information. 2 3 AVIENT OVERVIEW OUR VISION: Creating specialized and sustainable materials solutions that transform customer challenges into opportunities, bringing new products to life for a better world 2023 Financial ResultsCompany Overview Revenue By: 9,300 Employees 102 Manufacturing Sites 20,000+ Customers Key Highlights Premier formulator of specialized and sustainable materials solutions Asset-light business model, with flexibility to adapt to customer needs Best-in-class technology and service (140+ PhDs / 2,500+ patents) History of transformation through successful M&A while consistently returning cash to shareholders Poised for continued future growth in excess of GDP $3.14B Revenue $2.36 Adjusted EPS $502M Adjusted EBITDA 16.0% Adjusted EBITDA Margins $186M Adjusted Free Cash Flow Over $1B in share buybacks since 2011 Raised dividend for 13 consecutive years, a 15% CAGR since 2011 U.S. & Canada EMEA Asia Latin America 64% 36% Specialty Engineered Materials Color Additives and Inks 41% 36% 18% 5% 7% 7% 23% 19% 9% 16% 10% 5% 4% Defense Healthcare Packaging Consumer Building & Construction Industrial Transportation Energy Telecom Geography Segment Industry 4 CREATING A WORLD-CLASS SUSTAINABLE ORGANIZATION 1. 6% annualized long term sales growth leveraging sustainable solutions, composites, healthcare and emerging regions 2.
Maintain asset-light, 80% free cash flow conversion profile 5.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income $ EPS $ EPS Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders $ 49.4 $ 0.54 $ 20.8 $ 0.23 Special items, after-tax 5.5 0.06 22.3 0.24 Amortization expense, after-tax 14.9 0.16 15.1 0.16 Adjusted net income / EPS $ 69.8 $ 0.76 $ 58.2 $ 0.63 Three Months Ended March 31, Reconciliation to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 2024 2023 Net income from continuing operations – GAAP $ 49.7 $ 21.3 Income tax expense 16.8 7.7 Interest expense, net 26.6 28.8 Depreciation and amortization 44.3 50.5 EBITDA from continuing operations 137.4 108.3 Special items, before tax 6.2 27.3 Depreciation and amortization included in special items (0.5) (1.8) Adjusted EBITDA $ 143.1 $ 133.8 Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales 17.3 % 15.8 % 1 Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 Sales: Color, Additives and Inks $ 515.3 $ 537.0 Specialty Engineered Materials 314.4 309.7 Corporate (0.7) (1.0) Sales $ 829.0 $ 845.7 Operating income: Color, Additives and Inks $ 74.8 $ 65.6 Specialty Engineered Materials 53.4 43.1 Corporate (34.2) (51.6) Operating income $ 94.0 $ 57.1 Depreciation & amortization: Color, Additives and Inks $ 21.9 $ 25.8 Specialty Engineered Materials 19.6 21.2 Corporate 2.8 3.5 Depreciation & amortization $ 44.3 $ 50.5 Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA): Color, Additives and Inks $ 96.7 $ 91.4 Specialty Engineered Materials 73.0 64.3 Corporate (31.4) (48.1) Other (expense) income, net (0.9) 0.7 EBITDA from continuing operations 137.4 108.3 Special items, before tax 6.2 27.3 Depreciation and amortization included in special items (0.5) (1.8) Adjusted EBITDA $ 143.1 $ 133.8 Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales: Color, Additives and Inks 18.8 % 17.0 % Specialty Engineered Materials 23.2 % 20.8 % 2 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income $ EPS Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders $ 75.8 $ 0.83 Special items, after-tax 79.3 0.86 Amortization expense, after-tax 61.5 0.67 Adjusted net income / EPS $ 216.6 $ 2.36 Free Cash Flow Calculation December 31, 2023 Cash provided by operating activities $ 201.6 Taxes paid on gain on sale of business 104.1 Adjusted cash provided by operating activities 305.7 Capital expenditures (119.4) Free cash flow $ 186.3 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Sales: Color, Additives and Inks $ 2,007.4 Specialty Engineered Materials 1,138.2 Corporate (2.8) Sales $ 3,142.8 Operating income: Color, Additives and Inks $ 259.9 Specialty Engineered Materials 142.5 Corporate (205.6) Operating income $ 196.8 Depreciation & amortization: Color, Additives and Inks $ 98.3 Specialty Engineered Materials 81.5 Corporate 9.0 Depreciation & amortization $ 188.8 Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA): Color, Additives and Inks $ 358.2 Specialty Engineered Materials 224.0 Corporate (196.6) Other income, net 5.8 EBITDA from continuing operations 391.4 Special items, before tax 114.6 Interest expense included in special items (2.3) Depreciation and amortization included in special items (1.9) Adjusted EBITDA $ 501.8 Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales 16.0 % 3 Year Ended December 31, Reconciliation to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA: 2006 2014 Sales $ 2,622.4 $ 3,835.5 Net income from continuing operations – GAAP $ 133.5 $ 77.2 Income tax expense 29.7 11.2 Interest expense, net 63.1 62.2 Depreciation and amortization 57.1 123.9 EBITDA from continuing operations 283.4 274.5 Special items, before tax (34.0) 164.9 Depreciation and amortization included in special items — (23.1) Joint venture equity income (107.0) — Adjusted EBITDA $ 142.4 $ 416.3 Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales 5.4 % 10.9 % Year Ended December 31, Reconciliation of Adjusted EPS: 2006 2014 Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient common shareholders $ 130.9 $ 78.0 Joint venture equity earnings, after-tax (68.5) — Special items, after-tax (21.2) 101.0 Special items, tax adjustments (30.0) (10.5) Amortization expense, after-tax 1.4 12.4 Adjusted net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient common shareholders $ 12.6 $ 180.9 Diluted shares 92.8 93.5 Adjusted EPS attributable to Avient common shareholders $ 0.14 $ 1.93 4 AVNT Q1 2024 Investor Presentation_w Non-GAAP.pdf IR Deck - AVNT-2024.03.31 5.09 4PM.pdf Attachment
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2025-06/IATF16949 -2025.5.21~2028.5.20 EN -EM.pdf
Room 201, Building 20, No. 200 JinSu Road, Shanghai Free Trade Zone, China 200131 (USI: PKFHC3) Product Design, Process Design DNV http://www.dnv.com
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2021-11/avnt-november-investor-meetings.pdf
The non-GAAP financial measures include: adjusted EPS, adjusted operating income, free cash flow and adjusted EBITDA.
D is t. ) K W R P P G A V Y F U L R P M G C P F M C H X L H U N E C L A S H E M N C E S C L Source: Peer data per Bloomberg market data as of November 8, 2021 Avient reflects 2021 estimated revenue of $4,750M and estimated CAPEX of $80M (excludes one-time synergy capture CAPEX of $20M) Avient Specialty Formulators Other Chemical/Specialty Companies Free Cash Flow Conversion (1) 2021E (%) Being asset light helps us to generate strong free cash flow that is in line with specialty formulators.
Our free cash flow supports shareholder value creation through investing in R&D for organic growth, completing bolt-on acquisitions, and returning cash to shareholders via our dividend program and opportunistic share repurchases. 32 1.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2023-08/Avient General Purchase Conditions.pdf
Supplier shall further ensure that its information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (collectively, “IT Systems”) perform as required in connection with the provision of Goods and/or Services under the Agreement and are free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptors.
In furtherance of the foregoing, we expect our suppliers to: supply only conflict free 3TG metals to Avient; engage in due diligence of supply chains by following a nationally or internationally recognized due diligence framework; upon request, report to Avient on its due diligence process and certify that 3TG metals supplied to Avient from the Covered Countries are conflict free; and promptly report to Avient any supply chain changes regarding the origin of 3TG metals or conflict status. 12.11 Supplier and Avient shall abide by the requirements of 41 C.F.R.
Intellectual property rights to software not developed explicitly for Avient or on Avient’s instructions shall remain with Supplier and Supplier shall grant Avient a non-exclusive, non- transferable, irrevocable, perpetual and royalty free license not limited to specific equipment or location.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2024-05/Edgetek Engineered Polymer Formulations - E-cigarette Housing-Case study snapshot.pdf
E-CIGARETTE MANUFACTURER H O U S I N G • Special effect finish • Halogen-free flame-retardant material • High production efficiency • Provided PC formulation with customized speckle effect to meet specific color and surface expectations • Passed UL 94 V-0 flame retardant test at 1.0 mm • Offered better impact strength than competitor‘s PC material, and passed the drop testing • Eased processing with high-flow material Edgetek Engineered Polymer Formulations KEY REQUIREMENTS WHY AVIENT?
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/resources/Maxxam%2520LO%2520Product%2520Bulletin.pdf
With Maxxam LO, molders and OEM’s can embrace the evolving Vehicle Interior Air Quality (VIAQ) regulatory environment, and add tangible value for the end-consumer by enabling a more natural smelling interior cabin, free of unpleasant odors.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2024-03/AVNT February IR Presentation_w_Non-GAAP Recs_v2.pdf
Additionally, Adjusted EPS excludes the impact of special items and amortization expense associated with intangible assets. 2 3 AVIENT OVERVIEW OUR VISION: Creating specialized and sustainable materials solutions that transform customer challenges into opportunities, bringing new products to life for a better world 2023 Financial ResultsCompany Overview Revenue By: 9,300 Employees 102 Manufacturing Sites 20,000+ Customers Key Highlights Premier formulator of specialized and sustainable materials solutions Asset-light business model, with flexibility to adapt to customer needs Best-in-class technology and service (140+ PhDs / 2,500+ patents) History of transformation through successful M&A while consistently returning cash to shareholders Poised for continued future growth in excess of GDP $3.14B Revenue $2.36 Adjusted EPS $502M Adjusted EBITDA 16.0% Adjusted EBITDA Margins $186M Adjusted Free Cash Flow Over $1B in share buybacks since 2011 Raised dividend for 13 consecutive years, a 15% CAGR since 2011 U.S. & Canada EMEA Asia Latin America 64% 36% Specialty Engineered Materials Color Additives and Inks 41% 36% 18% 5% 7% 7% 23% 19% 9% 16% 10% 5% 4% Defense Healthcare Packaging Consumer Building & Construction Industrial Transportation Energy Telecom Geography Segment Industry 4 CREATING A WORLD-CLASS SUSTAINABLE ORGANIZATION 1. 6% annualized long term sales growth leveraging sustainable solutions, composites, healthcare and emerging regions 2.
Maintain asset-light, 80% free cash flow conversion profile 5.
Free Cash Flow Calculation December 31, 2023 Cash provided by operating activities $ 201.6 Taxes paid on gain on sale of business 104.1 Adjusted cash provided by operating activities $ 305.7 Capital expenditures $ (119.4) Free cash flow $ 186.3 2 Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Sales: Color, Additives and Inks $ 459.4 $ 490.8 $ 2,007.4 $ 2,355.0 Specialty Engineered Materials 259.8 300.8 1,138.2 1,044.4 Corporate (0.2) (1.2) (2.8) (2.5) Sales $ 719.0 $ 790.4 $ 3,142.8 $ 3,396.9 Operating income: Color, Additives and Inks $ 61.8 $ 44.3 $ 259.9 $ 301.0 Specialty Engineered Materials 29.4 35.2 142.5 140.1 Corporate (48.1) (79.1) (205.6) (197.8) Operating income $ 43.1 $ 0.4 $ 196.8 $ 243.3 Other expense, net: $ 4.3 $ (28.4) $ 5.8 $ (59.7) Depreciation & amortization: Color, Additives and Inks $ 22.2 $ 25.2 $ 98.3 $ 101.3 Specialty Engineered Materials 19.8 20.3 81.5 48.7 Corporate 2.2 3.1 9.0 12.5 Depreciation & amortization $ 44.2 $ 48.6 $ 188.8 $ 162.5 Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA): Color, Additives and Inks $ 84.0 $ 69.5 $ 358.2 $ 402.3 Specialty Engineered Materials 49.2 55.5 224.0 188.8 Corporate (45.9) (76.0) (196.6) (185.3) Other expense, net $ 4.3 $ (28.4) $ 5.8 $ (59.7) EBITDA $ 91.6 $ 20.6 $ 391.4 $ 346.1 Special items in EBITDA 22.3 86.8 110.4 162.5 EBITDA - excluding special items $ 113.9 $ 107.4 $ 501.8 $ 508.6 APM pro forma adjustments - 8 months 2022* — — — 83.1 Pro forma EBITDA $ 113.9 $ 107.4 $ 501.8 $ 591.7 * Pro forma adjustment for January - August 2022 APM results (period before Avient ownership). 3 AVNT February IR Presentation_w_Non-GAAP Recs.pdf AVNT February IR Presentation.pdf Avient corporation�investor presentation DISCLAIMER Slide Number 3 Creating a world-class�sustainable organization Top-tier sustainability performance�and recognition Slide Number 6 Slide Number 7 Portfolio transformation Slide Number 9 END MARKET observations�(% of company sales) Regional observations�(% of company sales) Slide Number 12 Slide Number 13 Slide Number 14 Slide Number 15 Slide Number 16 Slide Number 17 Slide Number 18 Slide Number 19 Slide Number 20 Slide Number 21 Slide Number 22 2023 segment, end market and Geography Color, Additives & Inks Specialty Engineered Materials Slide Number 26 AVNT Q4 2023 Earnings Presentation.pdf AVNT Q4 2023 Earnings Presentation_For Website_with Non-GAAP.pdf IR Deck - AVNT-2023.12.31 (2.12.24 9PM Milestone February 12 0905 pm).pdf Attachment 3.26.24 - Public Lender Presentation Non-GAAP Attachments (005).pdf
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2023-11/AVNT Q3 2023 Earnings Presentation - Website.pdf
Avient does not provide reconciliations of forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures, such as outlook for Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Earnings Per Share and Free Cash Flow to the most comparable GAAP financial measures on a forward-looking basis because Avient is unable to provide a meaningful or accurate calculation or estimation of reconciling items and the information is not available without unreasonable effort.
PRIOR YEAR $790 $710 2022 2023 $107 $112 2022 2023 Sales Adjusted EBITDA (in millions) $0.42 $0.47 2022 PF 2023 Adjusted EPS (in millions) - 10% + 5% + 12% Sales Adjusted EBITDA Adjusted EPS 12 $112 $500 Q4 FY $0.47 $2.30 Q4 FY Q4 AND FULL YEAR 2023 GUIDANCE $710 $3,130 Q4 FY Sales Adjusted EBITDA Adjusted EPS 13 (in millions) (in millions) Guidance: Free Cash Flow $180 $180 Prior Guidance Guidance FREE CASH FLOW & INCREASED DIVIDEND 13th Consecutive Dividend Increase 0.16 0.26 0.42 0.58 0.79 0.85 0.99 1.03 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2024 14 S U S TAI NABI L I T Y DAY RE CAP SUSTAINABILITY AS A GROWTH DRIVERLONG-TERM REVENUE GROWTH DRIVERS 60%+ Key Growth Drivers Sustainable Solutions Composites, Healthcare, Asia / LATAM Overlap Other (GDP Growth) Total Company Revenue Growth Drivers Long-Term Growth Rate Sustainable Solutions 8–12% Composites 8–10% Healthcare 8–10% Asia / LATAM 5% Other (GDP growth) 0–2% Avient 6% 17 SUSTAINABILITY TRENDS DRIVE LONG-TERM GROWTH 8-12% Long Term Growth 50 90 2022 2030 Medical Plastics Market Size (in $Billions) 2020 2030 Recycled Plastics Virgin Plastics Growing Demand for Recycled Content Avient Sustainable Solutions 18 46 2023 2032 Global Offshore Annual Wind Installations (in Gigawatts) Sources: McKinsey, Bloomberg, Grand View Research SUSTAINABILITY TRENDS DRIVE LONG-TERM GROWTH 18 • Transformative acquisitions combined with divestitures of more cyclical businesses have improved margins over 400 bps since 2018 • 20% long-term margin goal to be driven by key growth drivers, with sustainable solutions playing a meaningful role 5.4% 11.5% 16.0% 2006 2018 2023E Recovery Growth Drivers Strategic Objective 20%+ +1%+ +3%+ ADJUSTED EBITDA MARGIN EXPANSION 19 • 6% annualized long-term sales growth leveraging sustainable solutions, composites, healthcare, and emerging regions • Expand EBITDA margins to 20% • Deliver annual EBITDA and EPS growth of 10% and 15% • Maintain asset-light, 80% free cash flow conversion profile and be valued as a specialty formulator • Continue fostering our Great Place to Work® culture CREATING A WORLD-CLASS SUSTAINABLE ORGANIZATION 20 Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures (Unaudited) (Dollars in millions, except for per share data) Senior management uses comparisons of adjusted net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders and diluted adjusted earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders, excluding special items, to assess performance and facilitate comparability of results.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2025-02/Avient Investor Presentation - February 2025_w_Non-GAAP.pdf
The non-GAAP financial measures include: Organic Performance (which excludes the impact of foreign exchange), Adjusted Earnings Per Share, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margins, Free Cash Flow and Adjusted Free Cash Flow.
Three Months Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income $ EPS(1) $ EPS(1) Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders $ 48.3 $ 0.52 $ 27.8 $ 0.30 Special items, after-tax (18.0) (0.20) 5.4 0.06 Amortization expense, after-tax 14.8 0.17 15.0 0.16 Adjusted net income / EPS $ 45.1 $ 0.49 $ 48.2 $ 0.52 (1) Per share amounts may not recalculate from figures presented herein due to rounding Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income $ EPS(1) $ EPS(1) Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders $ 169.5 $ 1.84 $ 75.8 $ 0.83 Special items, after-tax 15.9 0.17 79.3 0.86 Amortization expense, after-tax 59.5 0.65 61.5 0.67 Adjusted net income / EPS $ 244.9 $ 2.66 $ 216.6 $ 2.36 (1) Per share amounts may not recalculate from figures presented herein due to rounding Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, Reconciliation to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA: 2024 2023 2024 2023 Net income from continuing operations – GAAP $ 48.5 $ 27.6 $ 170.7 $ 76.3 Income tax expense (benefit) 14.8 (7.0) 54.1 11.0 Interest expense 25.5 26.8 105.6 115.3 Depreciation and amortization from continuing operations 45.4 44.2 179.7 188.8 EBITDA from continuing operations $ 134.2 $ 91.6 $ 510.1 $ 391.4 Special items, before tax (23.9) 22.4 20.1 114.6 Interest expense included in special items — (0.1) (2.3) (2.3) Depreciation and amortization included in special items (0.3) — (1.5) (1.9) Adjusted EBITDA $ 110.0 $ 113.9 $ 526.4 $ 501.8 Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales 14.7 % 15.8 % 16.2 % 16.0 % 1 Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2024 2023 Sales: Color, Additives and Inks $ 467.7 $ 459.4 $ 2,046.5 $ 2,007.4 Specialty Engineered Materials 279.7 259.8 1,196.8 1,138.2 Corporate (0.9) (0.2) (2.9) (2.8) Sales $ 746.5 $ 719.0 $ 3,240.4 $ 3,142.8 Gross margin: Color, Additives and Inks $ 152.6 $ 148.3 $ 681.1 $ 631.2 Specialty Engineered Materials 84.2 78.1 374.9 341.8 Corporate 22.7 (17.5) 0.7 (80.5) Gross margin $ 259.5 $ 208.9 $ 1,056.7 $ 892.5 Selling and administrative expense: Color, Additives and Inks $ 92.8 $ 86.5 $ 384.9 $ 371.3 Specialty Engineered Materials 49.6 48.7 207.7 199.3 Corporate 31.5 30.6 134.8 125.1 Selling and administrative expense $ 173.9 $ 165.8 $ 727.4 $ 695.7 Operating income: Color, Additives and Inks $ 59.8 $ 61.8 $ 296.2 $ 259.9 Specialty Engineered Materials 34.6 29.4 167.2 142.5 Corporate (8.8) (48.1) (134.1) (205.6) Operating income $ 85.6 $ 43.1 $ 329.3 $ 196.8 Depreciation and amortization: Color, Additives and Inks $ 21.9 $ 22.2 $ 87.5 $ 98.3 Specialty Engineered Materials 21.0 19.8 82.1 81.5 Corporate 2.5 2.2 10.1 9.0 Depreciation and amortization $ 45.4 $ 44.2 $ 179.7 $ 188.8 Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA): Color, Additives and Inks $ 81.7 $ 84.0 $ 383.7 $ 358.2 Specialty Engineered Materials 55.6 49.2 249.3 224.0 Corporate (6.3) (45.9) (124.0) (196.6) Other income, net 3.2 4.3 1.1 5.8 EBITDA from continuing operations $ 134.2 $ 91.6 $ 510.1 $ 391.4 Special items, before tax (23.9) 22.4 20.1 114.6 Interest expense included in special items — (0.1) (2.3) (2.3) Depreciation and amortization included in special items (0.3) — (1.5) (1.9) Adjusted EBITDA $ 110.0 $ 113.9 $ 526.4 $ 501.8 2 Year Ended December 31, Adjusted Free Cash Flow Calculation 2024 2023 Cash provided by operating activities $ 256.8 $ 201.6 Taxes paid on gain on sale of business — 104.1 One-time payout associated with deferred compensation plans 20.8 — Adjusted cash provided by operating activities $ 277.6 $ 305.7 Capital expenditures (121.9) (119.4) Adjusted free cash flow $ 155.7 $ 186.3 Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income $ EPS(1) Net income from continuing operations attributable to Avient shareholders $ 49.4 $ 0.54 Special items, after-tax 5.5 0.06 Amortization expense, after-tax 14.9 0.16 Adjusted net income / EPS $ 69.8 $ 0.76 (1) Per share amounts may not recalculate from figures presented herein due to rounding 3 AVNT February Investor Presentation_2_25.pdf Avient Investor Presentation - February 2025_w_Non-GAAP.pdf Avient February 2025 Investor Presentation_w_non-GAAP.pdf Non-GAAP- IR Deck - AVNT-2024.12.31 2.06.25 12PM.pdf Attachment
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2022-11/Packaging Anti-fog Whitepaper.pdf
Prevent fogging of your transparent food packaging Effective solutions exist to keep your packaging fog-free, and recent developments make it easier than ever 2© 2020 Avient Corporation, 33587 Walker Road, Avon Lake, Ohio USA 44012 INTRODUCTION Fog formation on food packaging films frustrates consumers, can lead to product spoilage, and ultimately hinders sales.
Some of these adhesives contained solvents, and some were solvent-free.
Results showed that the type of adhesive used could negatively affect the performance of the anti-fog agent, with solvent-free adhesives having a greater effect.