During the injection-molding step, the TPE insert forms a strong bond with the substrate, such as polypropylene or polyethylene, used for the container closure. Traditional vulcanized rubber products require application of adhesives to bond to the closure, and this adhesive bond has a greater potential for failure than the chemical bond formed between a TPE and  polymer substrate.

This gas then forms a cellular structure in the polymer matrix.

Avient PPI listings can be found on page 16, 17, & 47 of the current pdf document.

Sources: 1)    https://verpackungsgesetz-info.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/twopager-packaging-amendment-1.pdf 2)    https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_18_3846 3)    https://verpackungsgesetz-info.de/en/#verpackungsgesetz

Sources: 1)    https://verpackungsgesetz-info.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/twopager-packaging-amendment-1.pdf 2)    https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_18_3846 3)    https://verpackungsgesetz-info.de/en/#verpackungsgesetz

Composites can come in a variety of forms, including panels, laminates, tape or custom shapes and sizes.  The main difference between a thermoset and thermoplastic is a thermoset cannot be reshaped after it’s formed, cured, and cooled while thermoplastics can be reheated and re-formed.  Composite panels, also called sandwich panels, are multiple layers of FRP composites layered with a core material to form a sandwich structure.

Composites can come in a variety of forms, including panels, laminates, tape or custom shapes and sizes.  The main difference between a thermoset and thermoplastic is a thermoset cannot be reshaped after it’s formed, cured, and cooled while thermoplastics can be reheated and re-formed.  Composite panels, also called sandwich panels, are multiple layers of FRP composites layered with a core material to form a sandwich structure.

For every polymer form and function, there is a mineral, fiber, metal or carbon filler that will maximize its performance.  Limestone is composed mostly of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) but may contain dolomite or another crystalline form of calcium carbonate called aragonite.1   Imerys, “Specialty Carbons for Polymer Compounds” http://www.imerys-graphite-and-carbon.com/wordpress/wp-app/uploads/2014/04/Polymer_compounds1.pdf 2http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Metallic_fiber

For every polymer form and function, there is a mineral, fiber, metal or carbon filler that will maximize its performance.  Limestone is composed mostly of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) but may contain dolomite or another crystalline form of calcium carbonate called aragonite.1   Imerys, “Specialty Carbons for Polymer Compounds” http://www.imerys-graphite-and-carbon.com/wordpress/wp-app/uploads/2014/04/Polymer_compounds1.pdf 2http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Metallic_fiber

For every polymer form and function, there is a mineral, fiber, metal or carbon filler that will maximize its performance.  Limestone is composed mostly of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) but may contain dolomite or another crystalline form of calcium carbonate called aragonite.1   Imerys, “Specialty Carbons for Polymer Compounds” http://www.imerys-graphite-and-carbon.com/wordpress/wp-app/uploads/2014/04/Polymer_compounds1.pdf 2http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Metallic_fiber