https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/resources/Novel_Thermoplastic_Elastomers_with_Universal_Bonding_Characteristics.pdf
This hard/soft combination design has been driven by an escalating market trend pushing toward enhanced ergonomic feel and touch, gripping feel, aesthetics, cushioning against impact, vibration isolation or dampening and insulation.
Rigid thermoplastics include both commodity thermoplastics and engineering thermoplastics, such as polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polycarbonate (PC), acrynitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN), poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO), polyamide (PA), PC/ABS blend and PPO/PS blend etc..
As given in Table 2, TPE-1 demonstrates good adhesion on all ten substrates with very different surface energy and polarity; from the low like PP to the high like PC and ABS.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2021-05/renol-ul94-compliant-masterbatches-brochure.pdf
UL94 COMPLIANT MASTERBATCHES DESIGN & SAFETY High-impact colors and cutting-edge design are hugely important to the success of today’s sleek, modern electrical and electronic products.
RENOL™ UL94 COMPLIANT MASTERBATCHES HOW TO USE THE TABLES UL HB GENERIC RESIN TYPE FLAME RATING MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Acetal Copolymer (POM) HB 1.50 1:20 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) HB 1.50 1:10 Ethylene Propylene Thermoplastic Rubber (EPTR) HB 1.50 1:20 High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) HB 1.50 1:10 Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) HB 0.83 1:10 Polyamide (PA) HB 3.20 1:33 Polyamide (PA66 and PA 4/6) HB 0.81 1:20 Polyamide 6 (PA6) HB 0.75 1:25 Polyamide 66 (PA66) HB 0.40 1:40 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) HB 0.81 1:20 Polybutylene Terephthalate/Polycarbonate (PBT/PC) HB 1.50 1:10 Polycarbonate (PC) HB 1.50 1:15 Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) HB 1.50 1:20 Polycarbonate/Polyethylene Terephthalate (PC/PET) HB 1.50 1:20 Polyethylene (PE) HB 1.50 1:50 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) HB 0.80 1:16.7 Polyketone HB 1.50 1:20 Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) HB 3.00 1:25 Polypropylene (PP) HB 1.50 1:15 Polystyrene (PS) HB 0.83 1:15 Polyurethane (PUR) HB 1.50 1:25 Polyvinylchloride (PVC) HB 1.50 1:20 Styrene Acrylonitrile (SAN) HB 1.50 1:20 Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) HB 0.75 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 ASCEND GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide 66 (PA66) 21X1(a)(f2), 21SPC1(a)(f2), 21SPF1(a)(f2), 21SPG1(a)(f2), 21SPM1(a)(f2), 20NSP1(a)(f2) 0.75 V-2 1:40 22HSP(e) 0.75 V-2 1:40 64C-R 3.0 V-2 1:50 ECO366(e) 0.4 V-0 1:40 ECO366H(e) 0.2 V-0 1:25 FR350J 0.4 V-0 1:25 20NSP(a)(f2), 21SPF(a)(f2), 21SPM(a)(f2), 21SPC(a)(f2) 0.4 V-2 1:40 20NSP(a)(h)(f2), 21SPF(a)(h)(f2), 21SPM(a)(h)(f2), 21SPC(a)(h) (f2) 1.5 V-2 1:20 Polyamide 66/6 (PA66/6) ECO315(e), ECO315J(e) 0.4 V-0 1:40 M344 3.0 V-0 1:25 909 0.75 V-0 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 BASF GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide 6 (PA6) 8202(t1), 8202 Blend (t1) 0.71 V-2 1:25 8202C(t1), 8202C BLEND (t1) 1.50 V-2 1:25 8202CHS(t1) (t3), 8202C HS Blend 1.50 V-2 1:25 8202HS(t1) 1.50 V-2 1:25 B3S 0.80 V-2 1:25 1.50 V-2 1:25 B3S Q661 1.50 V-2 1:25 B3S R03 1.50 V-2 1:25 8232G HSFR(t9), B3U10G5 (t9) 1.50 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 6/66 (PA6/66) C3U (m) 0.40 V-0 1:25 KR4205(m), C3U (m), C3U (t)(m) 0.40 V-0 1:25 KR4205, C3U 0.40 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 66 (PA66) 1000(b), 1310-(b), Ultramid A3K Q603(+) 1.50 V-2 1:10 A3K (o) Q790(g)(f2) 0.41 V-2 1:20 A3K(f2), A3K Q601(f2) 0.41 V-2 1:20 A3SK 0.41 V-2 1:25 A5 3.00 V-2 1:33 A3W(f1), A3W FC (f1) 0.75 V-2 1:10 A3K R01 (t)(g)(f2) 0.40 V-2 1:20 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) B4406 G2 (o) Q798 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G2(a), B4406 G2 (o) Q717(a) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G3 (o) Q798 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G3(a), B4406 G3 (o) Q717(a) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G4 (o) Q798 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G4(a2), B4406 G4 (o) Q717(a2) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G6 (o) Q798 3.00 V-0 1:12.5 B4406 G6(%) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406 G6(a1), B4406 G6 (o) Q717(a1), B4406 G6 (o) Q717 High Speed(a1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406(a), B4406 (o) Q717(a) 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4406@ 1.50 V-0 1:20 B4450 G5, B4450 G5 (t) 0.40 V-2 1:50 Polyurethane (PUR) 11 85 A(a) FHF 000 (f2) 0.75 V-0 1:33 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 CELANESE GENERIC RESIN TYPE MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) A130(+), MT1310 1.50 V-0 1:40 Polyamide 66 (PA66) A3 GF 25 V0XI, A G5 FR C4 0.40 V-0 1:25 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) 2012-2 1.50 V-0 1:20 2016(b) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3112-2 1.50 V-0 1:20 3116(b) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3216(b) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3310-2(f2) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3311-3(f2) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3316(b) 1.50 V-0 1:20 3316(b), 3316HF 1.50 V-0 1:20 COVESTRO GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polycarbonate (PC) 2407 + (z)(f1) 0.75-2.60 V-2 1:10 2807 + MAS183 0.75 V-2 1:25 6455 + (z) 3.00 V-0 1:25 1.50 V-2 1:25 6485 + (z)(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:25 Polycarbonate/ Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) FR110 + 1.50 V-0 1:33 FR3005 HF + (z), FR3005 HF + BBS314 1.50 V-0 1:12.5 FR3010 + (z) 3.00 V-0 1:25 1.50 V-0 1:25 FR3010 HF + 3.00 V-0 1:25 FR3030 + 3.00 V-0 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 DSM GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide 46 (PA46) TE250F6(h1)(j) 0.50 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 6 (PA6) F223-D(f1), F223-D /A(f1) 0.75 V-2 1:25 K222-KGV5(f1) 0.75 V-2 1:16.7 1.50 V-2 1:16.7 K-FKGS6/B(f1)(y) 0.80 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 66 (PA66) SG-KGS6/HV 0.75 V-0 1:25 Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) PL460-S 1.60 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 4T (PA4T) T11 (h) 0.40 V-0 1:20 DOMO GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide (PA) J 60X1 V30 0.40 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 6 (PA6) PSB 286 0.80 V-2 1:25 3.00 V-2 1:25 Polyamide 66 (PA66) A 205F(r4) 0.38 V-2 1:25 A 225F 0.75 V-2 1:25 A 50H1 (r3)(f2) 0.40 V-0 1:25 A 30G1 0.40 V-0 1:25 DUPONT UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide (PA) 132F(+)(f1), 135F(+)(f1) 0.75 V-2 1:20 HTNFR42G30NH 0.40 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 6/12 (PA6/12) 151, 151L 1.50 V-2 1:25 Polyamide 66 (PA66) 101(r9)(f1), 101F(r9)(f1), 101L(r9)(f1), E101(r9)(f1), E101L(r9)(f1) 0.75 V-2 1:20 103FHS(+), 103HSL(+), RN5077E(+), E103HSL(+) 0.75 V-2 1:20 A428 0.75 V-0 1:20 FE3757(+) 0.75 V-2 1:25 FR15(+) 0.75 V-0 1:20 FR50(+)(f1) 0.35 V-0 1:20 FR7025V0F(+) 0.50 V-0 1:33 Polyamide 66/6 (PA66/6) FR72G25V0 0.80 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 66/6T (PA66/6T) FR95G25V0NH 0.40 V-0 1:25 Polyamide 6T/66 (PA6T/66) HTNFR52G15AL 0.75 V-0 1:33 HTNFR52G30BL(r3) 0.75 V-0 1:33 HTNFR52G30L(+), FE15502(+), HTNFR52G30AL(+) 0.75 V-0 1:33 HTNFR52G30NH(r6) 0.40 V-0 1:25 0.75 V-0 1:10 HTNFR52G35BL 0.75 V-0 1:25 HTNFR52G35L(+), HTNFR52G35AL 0.75 V-0 1:33 Polyamide 6T/ MPMDT HTNFR51G35L(+) 0.81 V-0 1:33 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) LW9030FR 1.50 V-0 1:25 S650FR 1.50 V-0 1:25 SK642FR 1.50 V-0 1:25 SK652FR1 1.50 V-0 1:16.5 T841FR (r4) 1.50 V-0 1:25 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) FR530(l)(+)(f1), FR530L(l)(+)(f1) 0.75 V-0 1:25 Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) HTR8068 1.60 V-0 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 EXXONMOBIL GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Ethylene Propylene Thermoplastic Rubber (EPTR) 251-80W232(f7) 1.50 V-2 1:20 251-92W232 1.50 V-0 1:20 251-70W232 1.50 V-0 1:10 1.00 V-2 1:10 LANXESS GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyamide 6 (PA6) B30S+(f1) 1.50 V-2 1:25 B31SK+ 1.50 V-2 1:25 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) B4235+ 1.50 V-0 1:10 TP364-302+, BF4232+(f1) 0.75 V-0 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 SABIC GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) 310(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 310SE0(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 310SE0(w),310SE0R(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 420SE0(f1)(w)(GG)(rr1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 420SE0(f1)(w)(GG)(rr2) 1.50 V-0 1:20 457(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 457(w), 451(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 553(a)(f1)(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 553(a)(f1)(w), 553E(a)(f1)(w), 553U(a)(f1)(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 553(w)(f1), 553M(w)(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 DR48(w) 1.50 V-0 1:20 DR48,DR48M 1.50 V-0 1:20 V4760(a2) 0.40 V-0 1:20 EXVX1259, ENH4550 0.40 V-0 1:20 771 0.75 V-0 1:25 Polybutylene Terephthalate/ Polycarbonate (PBT/PC) 357(f1)(w)(IC), 357M(f1)(w)(IC), 357U(f1)(w)(IC) 1.50 V-0 1:20 357(f1)(w)(IC), 357U(f1)(w)(IC) 1.50 V-0 1:20 357X(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 V3900WX(GG)(f1)(IA), V3901WX(GG)(f1)(IA) 3.00 V-0 1:20 1.50 V-0 1:20 357(w)(f2)(IC), 357M(w)(f2)(IC), 357U(w)(f2)(IC) 1.50 V-0 1:20 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 SABIC GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polycarbonate (PC) 221(f2) 1.50 V-2 1:25 221R(f2) 1.50 V-2 1:25 500(f2), 500R(f2) 3.00 V-0 1:33 503(f1) 3.00 V-0 10:1 1.50 V-0 10:1 503(f1), 503R(f1) 3.00 V-0 10:1 1.50 V-0 10:1 943(ab) 1.50 V-0 1:20 943(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 943(f1), 923(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:20 950A, 920ASR, FXD911A(GG), 940ASR 1.50 V-2 1:25 CFR7630(f1)(gg*) 1.50 V-0 1:25 ML5139R(f2) 3.00 V-0 1:33 950A, FXD911A(GG), 940ASR 3.00 V-0 1:25 943 1.50 V-0 1:20 920A 3.00 V-0 1:25 1.50 V-2 1:25 Polycarbonate/ Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) C2950 1.50 V-0 6:100 C6200(GG) 2.00 V-0 1:20 Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate/ Polycarbonate (ASA/PC) HRA222 (GG) 0.80 V-2 1:20 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 SOLVAY OTHERS GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO Polyphenyl Sulfone (PPSU) R-5100 (r1)(##), R-5000 (r1)(##) 1.50 V-0 1:10 Polyphthalamide (PPA) AFA-4133 V0(+) (*) 0.75 V-0 1:25 BASE RESIN MANUFACTURER GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO ALBIS Polypropylene (PP) PP 13 CV2 14 1.50 V-2 1:25 AVIENT Polyvinylchloride (PVC) M3700(X), M3755(X) 1.50 V-0 1:25 M3900 1.50 V-0 1:25 CHI MEI Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) PA-765(+) 1.50 V-0 1:10 Polycarbonate/ Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) PC-510(+) 1.50 V-0 1:25 EMS-CHEMIE Polyamide 6 (PA6) Grilon A 26 V0 0.75 V-0 1:25 FORMOSA Polycarbonate (PC) #1700+(f2) 0.36-0.42 V-2 1:50 GEON Polyvinylchloride (PVC) 85891(f1) 1.70 V-0 1:20 85891(f2) 1.70 V-0 1:20 M3700(X) 1.50 V-0 1:25 M3900 1.50 V-0 1:10 1:25 INEOS Polystyrene (PS) 855 HV 3.00 V-1 100:4 INVISTA Polyamide 66 (PA66) FRU4800 XHL (r1) 0.40 V-0 1:25 U4820L (r1) 0.40 V-2 1:25 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 OTHERS BASE RESIN MANUFACTURER GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO KINGFA Polyamide 66 (PA66) PA66-R11G25 (##) 0.25 V-0 1:25 KURARAY Polyamide 9T (PA9T) GP2300S 0.40 V-0 1:25 LG CHEM Polycarbonate/ Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) LUPOY GP-5106-F 3.00 V-0 1:20 LOTTE CHEMICAL Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) VH-0800(+) 1.50 V-0 1:25 Polycarbonate (PC) HN-1064(+) 0.75 V-2 1:10 1.50 V-0 1:10 1.20 V-1 1:10 Polystyrene (PS) VH-1800+ 3.00 V-0 1:25 1.50 V-0 1:25 MITSUBISHI Polycarbonate (PC) S-2000+(f1) 1.50-1.80 V-2 1:10 POLYMER PRODUCTS Polystyrene (PS) ZYNTAR 351 2.00 V-0 1:20 1.50 V-0 1:20 ZYNTAR 7000 2.00 V-0 1:25 ZYNTAR 702 2.00 V-0 1:25 8020 2.00 V-0 1:20 8120 2.00 V-0 1:20 8130 1.50 V-0 1:20 POLYMER RESOURCES Polycarbonate (PC) PC-FR1A-D, PC- FR2A-D, PC-FR3A-D 3.00 V-0 1:33 1.50 V-2 1:33 SUMITOMO Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) E6007LHF(ra) 0.30 V-0 1:25 E6007LHF-MR(gt) 0.20 V-0 1:12.5 UL94 V-0, V-1, V-2 OTHERS BASE RESIN MANUFACTURER GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO TORAY Polyamide 6 (PA6) 1017 1.60 V-2 1:16.5 Polyamide 66 (PA66) 3004-V0(rr), CM3004-V0(rr) 0.40 V-0 1:25 TRINSEO Polycarbonate (PC) 891(w) 1.10 V-0 1:25 WELLMAN Polyamide 66/6 (PA66/6) 220-N, 21L-N, 22L-N 1.50 V-2 1:25 WESTLAKE Polyvinylchloride (PVC) 6597(f1), HF-6597(f1) 1.50 V-0 1:25 SP-7107 (f1)(a) 3.00 V-0 1:25 5VA AND 5VB BASE RESIN MANUFACTURER GENERIC RESIN TYPE SPECIFIC BASE RESIN MINIMUM THICKNESS (MM) FLAME RATING COLORS MAXIMUM LET-DOWN RATIO AVIENT Polyvinylchloride (PVC) M3900 1.50 5VB ALL 1:25 WHITE 1:10 COVESTRO Polycarbonate/ Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) FR3010 + (z) 3.00 5VA ALL 1:25 DUPONT Polyamide 66/6T (PA66/6T) FR95G25V0NH 1.50 5VA ALL 1:25 Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) LW9030FR 2.00 5VA BLACK 1:25 3.00 5VA ALL 1:25 SK642FR 1.50 5VA BLACK 1:25 GEON Polyvinylchloride (PVC) M3900 1.50 5VB ALL 1:25 WHITE 1:10 SABIC Polybutylene Terephthalate/ Polycarbonate (PBT/PC) V3900WX(GG)(f1)(IA), V3901WX(GG)(f1)(IA) 3.00 5VA ALL 1:20 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/resources/Overmolding_of_Thermoplastic_Elastomers_Engineered_solutions_for_consumer_product_differentiation.pdf
Rigid substrates include polypropylene(PP), polyethylene (PE), amorphous polar plastics such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), high impact polystyrene(HIPS), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), semicrystalline polar plastics such as polyester (PET, PBT) and Polyamide (Nylon 6, Nylon 66).
Depending on the wall thickness of the elastomer and the substrate, the production rate can be very high.
They include amorphous polymers such as polystyrene (PS), High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), Polycarbonate (PC), Acetal (POM), PC/ABS, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polyphenylene oxide (PPO), Noryl® (a miscible blend of PS and PPO), and PC/PETG.