https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-12/therma-tech-processing-guide.pdf
Injection Molding Parameters Base Resin PPA PPS PA 6/6 PA 12 Barrel Temperatures °F (°C)* Rear Zone 550–580 (288–305) 550–580 (288–305) 440–490 (227–254) 440–480 (227–250) Center Zone 560–600 (293–316) 560–615 (293–324) 470–510 (243–266) 460–510 (238–266) Front Zone 580–620 (304–327) 590–630 (310–333) 490–540 (254–282) 480–520 (250–271) Nozzle 575–615 (302 –324) 600–625 (316–330) 520–570 (271–300) 500–530 (260–277) Melt Temperature °F (°C) 575–615 (302–324) 600–625 (316–330) 520–570 (271–300) 500–530 (260–277) Mold Temperature °F (°C) 250–300 (121–150) 250–300 (121–150) 150–200 (66–93) 150–200 (66–93) Pack and Hold Pressure 50–80% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity 1.0–3.0 in/sec Back Pressure 25–100 psi Screw Speed 25–75 rpm Drying Parameters °F (°C) 6 hours @ 175 (80) 6 hours @ 300 (150) 3 hours @ 180 (82) 3 hours @ 180 (82) Cushion 0.125–0.250 in Screw Compression Ratio 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.0:1–2.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 Nozzle Type General Purpose General Purpose Reverse Taper Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 4–5 tons/in2 of projected area of cavities and runner system * Barrel temperatures should be elevated for compounds designed for electrical insulative properties.
Maintain a minimum draft angle of 1° per side. 4 Therma-Tech Troubleshooting Recommendations Problem Cause Solution Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold too cold • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection rate • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase nozzle tip diameter • Check thermocouples and heater bands Mold design • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line Shot size • Increase shot size • Increase cushion • Decrease transfer position Brittleness Low melt temperature • Increase melt temperature • Increase injection rate • Measure melt temperature with pyrometer Degraded/ overheated material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Use smaller barrel/excessive residence time • Decrease screw rpm Gate location and/or size • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow rate and lower molded in stress Fibers on Surface (Splay) Melt temperature too low • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase screw rpm Insufficient packing • Increase pack and hold pressure, and time • Increase shot size • Increase gate size Processing Guide 5 Problem Cause Solution Sink Marks Part geometry too thick • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness • Maintain nominal wall thickness Melt too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Insufficient material volume • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase pack pressure/time • Increase gate size Flash Injection pressure too high • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection rate • Increase transfer position Excess material volume • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection rate Melt and/or mold too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease screw speed Excessive Shrink Too much orientation • Increase packing time and pressure • Increase hold pressure • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Decrease screw rpm • Increase venting • Increase cooling time Not Enough Shrink Too little orientation • Decrease packing pressure and time • Decrease hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase screw rpm • Decrease cooling time Troubleshooting Recommendations 6 Therma-Tech Troubleshooting Recommendations Problem Cause Solution Burning Melt and/or mold too cold • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection rate Mold design • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size or number of gates Moisture • Verify material is dried at proper conditions Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Weld Lines Melt front temperatures are too low • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase vent width and locations • Increase injection rate • Increase mold temperature Mold design • Decrease injection rate • Increase gate size • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents and/or false ejector pin • Move gate location Warp Excessive orientation • Increase cooling time • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection pressure and injection rate Mold design • Increase number of gates Sticking in Mold Cavities are overpacked • Decrease injection rate and pressure • Decrease pack and hold pressure • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time Mold design • Increase draft angle Part is too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2022-06/Maxxam FR Injection Molding Processing Guide.pdf
Barrel Temperatures °F (°C) PP Mineral-Filled PP Glass-Filled PP HDPE LDPE Rear Zone 360–390 (182–200) 400–420 (204–216) 415–435 (213–224) 400–420 (204–216) 370–390 (188–199) Center Zone 370–400 (188–204) 410–430 (210–221) 425–445 (218–229) 410–430 (210–221) 380–400 (193–204) Front Zone 390–410 (200–210) 420–440 (216–227) 435–455 (224–235) 420–440 (216–227) 390–410 (199–210) Nozzle 400–425 (204–219) 415–435 (213–224) 430–450 (221–232) 430–450 (221–232) 400–425 (204–219) Melt Temperature 400–425 (204–219) 415–435 (213–224) 430–450 (221–232) 430–450 (221–232) 400 - 425 (204–219) Mold Temperature °F (°C) 60–120 (16–49) Pack & Hold Pressure 50–75% of injection pressure Injection Velocity (in/s) 1.0–3.0 Back Pressure (psi) 50–100 Screw Speed (rpm) 30–100 Drying Parameters Hours @ °F (°C) Not typically required.
Increase the vent depth to 0.010" at 0.100" away from the cavity and vent to atmosphere. • Vents should be placed at the intersection of each 90° bend in the runner system off of the cold slug well and vented to atmosphere PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Black Specks Contamination • Purge barrel with general purpose PP • Verify correct nozzle is being used • Pull screw for cleaning Degraded/overheated material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Decrease injection speed • Use appropriately sized barrel Brittleness Degraded/overheated material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Decrease injection speed • Use appropriately sized barrel Gate location and/or size • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow rate and lower molded-in stress Burning Process related • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection rate Mold design • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size to reduce shear Fibers/Minerals on Surface or Uneven Surface Appearance Melt temperature too low • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed Insufficient packing • Increase hold pressure and time • Increase shot size Flash Injection pressure too high • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection rate • Increase transfer position Excess material volume • Adjust transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection rate Melt and/or mold too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease screw speed Loose clamp • Reset mold height • Increase clamp tonnage Troubleshooting Recommendations PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold too cold • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection rate Mold design • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line Shot size • Adjust transfer position to 98% full • Increase shot size Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression Shrink Too much shrink • Increase cooling time • Decrease mold temperature Too little shrink • Decrease cooling time • Increase mold temperature Sink Marks Part geometry too thick • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness Melt too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature Insufficient material volume • Adjust transfer position • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure Troubleshooting Recommendations (continued) PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Sticking in Mold Overfilled cavity • Decrease injection rate and pressure • Decrease hold pressure • Adjust transfer position • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease cooling time Mold design • Increase draft angle • Polish cores in direction of ejection Part is too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time Warp Process related • Increase cooling time • Increase melt temperature • Increase pack pressure • Increase pack time • Decrease mold temperature Mold design • Inspect for non-uniform mold cooling Part design • Inspect for non-uniform wall thickness Temperature control unit incorrect temperature • Check settings • Inspect thermocouple Weld Lines Melt front temperatures are too low • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase injection rate • Increase mold temperature Mold design • Increase gate size • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents and/or false ejector pin • Move gate location 1.844.4AVIENT www.avient.com Copyright © 2022, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-09/case-study-one-pager-hybrid-5g-cable.pdf
OFC MANUFACTURER 5 G H Y B R I D C A B L E J A C K E T I N G & I N S U L A T I O N • Fire performance: reduce smoke and fume production, high flame and char resistance • Reduce development time • Meet required standards: UL 1581 (Class XL) mechanical properties , UL 1685 (flame test/smoke parameters), FT2 & FV2 (VW1) • Accelerated speed to market, reducing development time to three months • Instilled confidence and proved material expertise as solutions passed extensive testing ahead of competition • Optimized cable manufacture process and line speed following trials at customers facility ECCOH 5549/1 LDD & Syncure™ S100FH KEY REQUIREMENTS WHY AVIENT?
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2023-09/ColorWorks Body Wash Case_Study_Snapshot.pdf
LEADING CONSUMER GOODS COMPANY B O D Y W A S H C A P S • Lend guidance in using color trending intelligence to customize 20+ colors for product line rebranding • Provide fast turnaround on new designs to improve speed to market • Navigate development efforts with external design firms and label manufacturers to ensure visual consistency and brand identity • Receive technical support before and during processing • Delivered over 20 approved custom colors utilizing market and trend expertise • Employed both virtual and onsite co-collaboration sessions for quick turnaround on crucial color decisions • Worked with all necessary parties, including design firms, manufacturers, and internal engineering team to protect brand integrity • Provided technical support and expertise to converter ColorWorks™ Design & Technology Centers – West Chicago KEY REQUIREMENTS WHY AVIENT?
AVIENT SOLUTION COLOR MATCHING + SPEED TO MARKET LEARN MORE Copyright © 2023, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2022-07/ECCOH 5161 - OFC Blowing Application in Railways - Application Snapshot.pdf
OFC TECHNOLOGY LEADER M I C R O B U N D L E S I N B L O W I N G A P P L I C A T I O N F O R R A I L W A Y S • Strippable with fingers for easy installation/access to fibers • High speed processing at a low wall thickness • Low shrinkage • Resistance to chemicals and filling compounds • Meet XP C93-850-1-1 standard • Re-designed cable to provide advantageous functional and economical value • Improved flexibility compared to PBT and PP tubes, allowing longer blowing distances on paths with angles of 90° • Increased processing speed and improved ease of installation • Provided better cable lifetime value compared to alternative solutions ECCOH™ 6151 UV SEPAP Formulation KEY REQUIREMENTS WHY AVIENT?
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2025-05/Smartbatch Shampoo _ Conditioner OEM Case Study Snapshot.pdf
CONSUMER PACKAGED GOODS COMPANY S H A M P O O & C O N D I T I O N E R B O T T L E S A N D C A P S • Achieve a precise color match while ensuring a high amount of post-consumer recycled content (PCR) in the inner layer of the bottle • Reduce development time for quicker approvals and lower costs, and to enable rapid speed to market • Used proprietary Color Prediction Tool to digitally illustrate color possibilities while developing a customized PCR solution • Leveraged Avient’s ColorWorks Design & Technology Center to adjust colors according to the customer’s specifications and accelerate commercialization Smartbatch Combination Colorants & Additives KEY REQUIREMENTS WHY AVIENT?
AVIENT SOLUTION COLOR DEVELOPMENT + SPEED TO MARKET LEARN MORE Copyright © 2025, Avient Corporation.
https://www.avient.com/products/thermoplastic-elastomers/versaflex-thermoplastic-elastomers
5G transparent thermoplastic elastomers minimize signal loss to enable high-speed connectivity while still providing excellent physical properties, aesthetics and UV resistance qualities of traditional TPEs
Minimize signal loss to enable high-speed connectivity with Versaflex™ CE 3140 TPEs with 5G transparency for phone cases and 5G devices
Minimize signal loss to enable high-speed connectivity with Versaflex™ CE 3140 TPEs with 5G transparency for phone cases and 5G devices (Chinese language version)
https://www.avient.com/products/engineered-polymer-formulations/conductive-signal-radiation-shielding-formulations/edgetek
From design flexibility to easy processing, our customizable materials can dial in specific Dk (Dielectric Constant) /Df (Dissipation Factor) values to meet manufacturing requirements, helping you reduce lead times and increase speed to market.
Accelerated speed to market
Custom Edgetek™ formulation delivered tailored Dk/Df performance and accelerated speed to market
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-10/tpe-injection-molding-guide.pdf
Injection speed too fast.
Increase injection speed.
Reduce injection speed.
https://www.avient.com/sites/default/files/2020-10/tpe-overmold-design-guide.pdf
Problem: Bubbles Possible Cause Melt temperature is too high (injection speed too fast).
Injection speed is too fast.
Injection speed is too fast.