Typical screw speeds range from 50 - 150 rpm. Injection Speed A worn or contaminated check ring can limit the machine's ability to hold pressure and maintain a cushion.

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Visiting address Stationsplein 8 K, 6221BT Maastricht Telephone number +31437999376 Fax number +31437999333 Internet address www.clariant.com Date of incorporation 11-04-2006 Activities SBI-code: 46751 - Wholesale of basic and industrial chemicals For further information on activities, see Dutch extract. You can check the integrity of this document and validate the signature in Adobe at the top of your screen. You can check the integrity of this document and validate the signature in Adobe at the top of your screen.

Typical screw speeds range from 50 - 150 rpm. Injection Speed A worn or contaminated check ring can limit the machine's ability to hold pressure and maintain a cushion.

Injection Speed The injection speed for Gravi-Tech material is most often higher than what is used for other formulations. NON-RETURN VALVES Check Ring The check ring insures that material cannot flow back over the screw tip upon injection. FIGURE 48 - The Injection Unit Nozzle Non-Return Valve Heater Bands Barrel Screw Hopper Metering Compression Feed FIGURE 47 - Non-Return Valve: Check Ring Check Ring Open Check Ring Closed FIGURE 49 - The Injection Unit FIGURE 50 - Non-return Valve: Check Ring Design Guide 45 FIGURE 48 - Non-Return Valve: Ball Check Ball Check Open Ball Check Closed Poppet Valve The final type of non-return valve is called a poppet valve.

Injection Molding Parameters Base Resin PA6 PA6 IM/ST PA6 GF PA6 GMF PA66 IM/ST PA66 GF Barrel Temperatures °F (°C) Rear Zone 450–490 (232–254) 440–490 (226–254) 490–510 (254–265) 480–500 (249–260) Center Zone 460–500 (238–260) 450–500 (232–260) 500–520 (260–271) 490–510 (254–265) 520–540 (271–282) Front Zone 470–510 460–510 (237–265) 500–520 (260–271) Nozzle 480–520 (249–271) 470–510 515–530 (268–276) 530–560 (276–293) 540–560 (282–293) Melt Temperature °F (°C) 480–520 (249–271) 470–510 515–530 (268–276) 540–560 (282–293) Mold Temperature °F (°C) 120–180 (49–82) 120–180 (49–82) 120–200 (49–93) 120–200 (49–93) 140–220 (60–104) 140–220 (60–104) Pack and Hold Pressure 50–80% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity 1.0–4.0 in/sec Back Pressure 25–100 psi Screw Speed 35–80 rpm Drying Parameters 4 hours @ 180°F (82°C) Moisture Allowable 0.1–0.2% Cushion 0.250 in Screw Compression Ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1 Nozzle Type Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 3–5 tons/in2 Processing Guide 3 Start Up & Shut Down Recommendations Purge Compound Polypropylene Recycling Recycling prime grades up to 20% is permissible and recycling PIR or PCR grades up to 10% is permissible. Additional draft may be required for grained/textured surfaces. 4 Nymax Polymer Formulations Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold too cold • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Check thermocouples and heater bands Mold design • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line Shot size • Adjust transfer position to 98% full • Increase cushion Brittleness Wet material • Check moisture. Degraded/ overheated material • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Use smaller barrel • Decrease injection speed Gate location and/or size • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow rate and lower molded in stress Fibers/Minerals on Surface or Uneven Surface Appearance Melt temperature too low • Increase injection speed Insufficient packing • Increase hold pressure and time Processing Guide 5 Sink Marks Part geometry too thick • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness Melt too hot • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures Insufficient material volume • Increase packing pressure • Increase gate size Flash Injection pressure too high • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Increase transfer position Excess material volume • Adjust transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size Melt and/or mold too hot • Decrease screw speed Loose clamp • Reset mold height • Increase clamp tonnage Shrink Too much shrink Too little shrink • Decrease cooling time 6 Nymax Polymer Formulations Burning Process related Mold design • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size to reduce shear Wet material • Check moisture.

BASE RESIN PPA PC PSU PES PPS CO- POLYMER ACETAL PEEK PA Barrel Temperatures* °F (°C) Rear Zone 550–580 (288–305) 520–560 (271–293) 600–640 (316–338) 630–660 (332–338) 550–580 (288–304) 350–370 (177–188) 660–700 (349–371) 440–490 (227–254) Center Zone 560–600 (293–316) 530–570 (277–299) 620–670 (327–354) 650–680 (343–360) 560–615 (293–324) 380–390 (193–200) 700–730 (371–388) 470–510 (243–266) Front Zone 580–620 (304–327) 550–580 (288–305) 630–680 (332–360) 670–730 (354–388) 590–630 (310–332) 390–430 (200–221) 720–750 (382–400) 490–540 (254–282) Nozzle 575–615 (302–324) 550–600 (288–316) 630–680 (332–360) 680–700 (360–371) 600–625 (316–330) 380–415 (193–213) 720–750 (382–400) 520–570 (271–300) Melt Temperature 575–615 (302–324) 560–600 (293–316) 625–675 (330–358) 650–710 (343–377) 600–625 (316–330) 370–410 (188–210) 670–740 (354–393) 520–570 (271–300) Mold Temperature 250–300 (121–150) 175–240 (80–116) 190–300 (88–150) 225–325 (107–164) 250–325 (121–164) 150–225 (66–107) 290–375 (143–190) 150–200 (66–93) Pack & Hold Pressure 50%–75% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity in/s 1.0–3.0 Back Pressure psi 50 Screw Speed rpm 50–90 Drying Parameters °F (°C) 6 hrs @ 175 (80) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 4 hrs @ 275 (135) 4 hrs @ 300 (150) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 2 hrs @ 200 (93) 3 hrs @ 300 (150) 4 hrs @ 180 (82) Allowable Moisture % < 0.05 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.04 < 0.02 0.15–0.20 < 0.02 0.10–0.20 Cushion in 0.125–0.250 Screw Compression Ratio 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.0:1–2.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 Nozzle Type General General General General General General General Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 5–6 Tons/in2 of projected area of cavities and runner system * Barrel temperatures should be elevated for compounds designed for electrical insulative properties. PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold temperature too cold Shot Size • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase nozzle tip diameter • Check thermocouples and heater bands • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line • Increase cushion Brittleness Melt temperature too low Degraded/Overheated material Gate location and/or size • Increase melt temperature • Increase injection speed • Measure melt temperature with pyrometer • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Use smaller barrel/excessive residence time • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow speed and lower molded-in stress Fibers on Surface (Splay) Melt temperature too low Insufficient packing • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure, and time Sink Marks Part geometry too thick Melt temperature too hot Insufficient material volume • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure Flash Injection pressure too high Excess material volume Melt and/or mold temperature too hot • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection speed • Increase transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection speed • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease screw speed TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Excessive Shrink Too much orientation • Increase packing time and pressure • Increase hold pressure • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Decrease screw rpm • Increase venting • Increase cooling time Not Enough Shrink Too little orientation • Decrease packing pressure and time • Decrease hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase screw rpm • Decrease cooling time Burning Melt and/or mold temperature too hot Mold design Moisture • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size or number of gates • Verify material is dried at proper conditions Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Weld Lines Melt front temperatures too low • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase vent width and locations • Increase injection speed • Decrease injection speed • Increase gate size • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents and/or false ejector pin • Move gate location Warp Excessive orientation • Increase cooling time • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection pressure and injection speed • Increase number of gates Sticking in Mold Cavities are overpacked Part is too hot • Decrease injection speed and pressure • Decrease pack and hold pressure • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time • Increase draft angle • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS Note: These are general processing conditions.

Base Resin PPA PC PSU PES PPS Co- polymer Acetal PEEK PA Barrel Temperatures* °F (°C) Rear Zone 550–580 (288–305) 550–590 (288–310) 600–640 (316–338) 630–660 (332–338) 550–580 (288–304) 350–370 (177–188) 660–700 (349–371) 440–490 (227–254) Center Zone 560–600 (293–316) 570–600 (300–316) 620–670 (327–354) 650–680 (343–360) 560–615 (293–324) 380–390 (193–200) 700–730 (371–388) 470–510 (243–266) Front Zone 580–620 (304–327) 580–630 (304–322) 630–680 (332–360) 670–730 (354–388) 590–630 (310–332) 390–430 (200–221) 720–750 (382–400) 490–540 (254–282) Nozzle 575–615 (302–324) 580–630 (304–322) 630–680 (332–360) 680–700 (360–371) 600–625 (316–330) 380–415 (193–213) 720–750 (382–400) 520–570 (271–300) Melt Temperature 575–615 (302–324) 580–625 (304–330) 625–675 (330–358) 650–710 (343–377) 600–625 (316–330) 370–410 (188–210) 670–740 (354–393) 520–570 (271–300) Mold Temperature 250–300 (121–150) 175–240 (80–116) 190–300 (88–150) 225–325 (107–164) 250–325 (121–164) 190–250 (88–121) 290–375 (143–190) 150–200 (66–93) Pack & Hold Pressure 50%–75% of Injection Pressure Injection Velocity in/s 1.0–3.0 Back Pressure psi 50 Screw Speed rpm 50–90 Drying Parameters °F (°C) 6 hrs @ 175 (80) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 4 hrs @ 275 (135) 4 hrs @ 250 (121) 3 hrs @ 300 (150) 2 hrs @ 200 (93) 3 hrs @ 275 (135) 4 hrs @ 180 (82) Cushion in 0.125–0.250 Screw Compression Ratio 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.0:1–2.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 2.5:1–3.5:1 Nozzle Type General General General General General General General Reverse Taper Clamp Pressure 5–6 Tons/in2 of projected area of cavities and runner system * Barrel temperatures should be elevated for compounds designed for electrical insulative properties. PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Excessive Shrink Too much orientation • Increase packing time and pressure • Increase hold pressure • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease injection speed • Decrease screw rpm • Increase venting • Increase cooling time Not Enough Shrink Too little orientation • Decrease packing pressure and time • Decrease hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase screw rpm • Decrease cooling time Burning Melt and/or mold temperature too hot Mold design Moisture • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Clean, widen and increase number of vents • Increase gate size or number of gates • Verify material is dried at proper conditions Nozzle Drool Nozzle temperature too hot • Decrease nozzle temperature • Decrease back pressure • Increase screw decompression • Verify material has been dried at proper conditions Weld Lines Melt front temperatures too low • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase melt temperature • Increase vent width and locations • Increase injection speed • Decrease injection speed • Increase gate size • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Add vents and/or false ejector pin • Move gate location Warp Excessive orientation • Increase cooling time • Increase melt temperature • Decrease injection pressure and injection speed • Increase number of gates Sticking in Mold Cavities are overpacked Part is too hot • Decrease injection speed and pressure • Decrease pack and hold pressure • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Increase cooling time • Increase draft angle • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS PROBLEM CAUSE SOLUTION Incomplete Fill Melt and/or mold temperature too cold Shot Size • Increase nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure • Increase nozzle tip diameter • Check thermocouples and heater bands • Enlarge or widen vents and increase number of vents • Check that vents are unplugged • Check that gates are unplugged • Enlarge gates and/or runners • Perform short shots to determine fill pattern and verify proper vent location • Increase wall thickness to move gas trap to parting line • Increase cushion Brittleness Melt temperature too low Degraded/Overheated material Gate location and/or size • Increase melt temperature • Increase injection speed • Measure melt temperature with pyrometer • Decrease melt temperature • Decrease back pressure • Use smaller barrel/excessive residence time • Relocate gate to nonstress area • Increase gate size to allow higher flow speed and lower molded-in stress Fibers on Surface (Splay) Melt temperature too low Insufficient packing • Increase melt temperature • Increase mold temperature • Increase injection speed • Increase pack and hold pressure, and time Sink Marks Part geometry too thick Melt temperature too hot Insufficient material volume • Reduce wall thickness • Reduce rib thickness • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Increase shot size • Increase injection rate • Increase packing pressure Flash Injection pressure too high Excess material volume Melt and/or mold temperature too hot • Decrease injection pressure • Increase clamp pressure • Decrease injection speed • Increase transfer position • Decrease pack pressure • Decrease shot size • Decrease injection speed • Decrease nozzle and barrel temperatures • Decrease mold temperature • Decrease screw speed TROUBLESHOOTING RECOMMENDATIONS www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.

Injection Speed The injection speed for Gravi-Tech material is most often higher than what is used for other formulations. NON-RETURN VALVES Check Ring The check ring insures that material cannot flow back over the screw tip upon injection. FIGURE 48 - The Injection Unit Nozzle Non-Return Valve Heater Bands Barrel Screw Hopper Metering Compression Feed FIGURE 47 - Non-Return Valve: Check Ring Check Ring Open Check Ring Closed FIGURE 49 - The Injection Unit FIGURE 50 - Non-return Valve: Check Ring Design Guide 45 FIGURE 48 - Non-Return Valve: Ball Check Ball Check Open Ball Check Closed Poppet Valve The final type of non-return valve is called a poppet valve.